India Needs Jobs! | Reality of Unemployment Crisis

 

Hello, friends! Unemployment has become the biggest issue in the country today. According to India Employment Report 2024, 1 out of 3 youths in the country is unemployed. The unemployment rate has reached 29.1% among those who already have a graduate degree. The question here is Why is this happening? Our country has 1.4 billion people.

So many people need lentils, rice, flour, sugar, soap, oil, shampoo, t-shirt, shoes, school, hospital, film, TV, scooter, newspaper, and God knows what else. It's such a big market. Foreign companies come here and earn millions and billions in profit. Some of these companies sell only colourful sugar and soda water.

Look at PepsiCo, according to its latest ROC filing, its yearly revenue in India is ₹80 billion. Coca-Cola India, its yearly revenue is more than ₹128 billion. But the youth in our country can't even get a job with a ₹12,800 salary, how is it possible? India has now become the 5th largest economy. And we are being told that soon we will become a $5 trillion economy.

But in this economy, there aren't any jobs for you. Who has taken away your jobs? Your livelihoods? In today's video, let's understand the problem of unemployment in depth. What is the root cause behind it and what is the solution? Not only from the perspective of the government, things that the government can do, but also what can you do? First of all, let's talk about the government.

Prime Minister Modi had promised millions of jobs. Do you remember this, friends? But according to some of our media channels, he never made this promise. I am not kidding. ABP News had "fact-checked" this. They said that PM Modi only commented that Congress did not provide employment. He did not say that they will provide employment.

"BJP, in its election campaigns, never promised to give 20 million jobs every year. That's why, the accusation on the Modi government of not being able to provide 20 million jobs every year, proved false." Perhaps the ABP news channel, can't tell which party's political campaign was this.

"Those who kept the youth unemployed, the public will not forgive you. Let's change the situation, let change the country's government." Friends, this ad was run by BJP Haryana. "Dad always encouraged me to study, but I didn't get a job. There will be jobs only when there's development.

We've had enough, Haryana has awakened now." But do you know the reality now? I am heartbroken to tell this, friends, that they have made Haryana #1 in terms of unemployment. According to the December 2022 CMI data, unemployment in Haryana is at 37.4%. That means, in the whole country, unemployment is the highest here.

But it's not just about Haryana, because PM Modi went to many places and had promised to provide jobs. Look at this 8-year-old clip. "We have launched the Make in India campaign. So that the youth can get employment in their localities, so that they can go and sit with their parents at the end of the day.

" These news channels should see this 7-year-old clip too, where the PM talked about 1 billion jobs. "Our aim is to create jobs for more than a billion young hands." All our TV news channels will either never talk about unemployment or if they do, they will go to extremes to protect the government's image.

Take Sudhir Chaudhary for example. He did this program about a year ago. "Why does everyone want a government job?" He started blaming the citizens. He said that people want a government job because they want to get bribes. Bribes are their primary motivation. "Bribes are a big reason why people want government jobs.

" "Even if the government jobs pay a low salary, many employees take bribes to make a lot of money. In a 2019 survey, every 1 out of 2 Indians acknowledged that that they had to bribe a government employee to get work done." It's as if Sudhir believes that PM Modi's views of being a corruption-free nation was just a lie.

"My mantra is I won't take bribes, I won't let anyone else take bribes." He also claims that the youth isn't skilled enough. "Not being skilled enough is another major reason." But who is responsible for this? Sudhir, should we now assume that PM Modi's Skill India was also a lie? "In India, many people sit for exams, pay bribes, use political connections, and do anything to get government jobs.

And the primary reason for this is that in government jobs, the working hours aren't very long, there are fixed working hours, and many holidays." It seems as if, according to Sudhir, you, the youth of the country, are lazy and don't want to work. Friends, let's try to understand the ground reality better.

First, let's try to understand how many jobs are needed in our country. I found this report from 2021-22 on the Ministry of Education's website. It states that the number of enrolments in higher secondary schools is 28.5 million. That is, approximately, this many students enrol in higher secondary schools every year.

Do we need these many jobs every year? Actually, we should also consider those students who drop out before finishing school. According to the UDISC report, the dropout rate is 12.61% at secondary level, that is, after 10th grade. Before this, at the upper primary level the dropout rate is 3% and at the primary level the dropout rate is 1.45%.

If you look at this year's report, around 3.5 million students from the 10th grade could not get to the 11th grade. So if we consider 12th pass, 12th fail, and all these dropouts, the overall number will be around 33 million to 34 million. Most of these 12th-pass students decide to study further in colleges.

But do our colleges, all the colleges across the country, have college seats to accommodate these tens of millions of people? The answer to this is simply no. First, let's take the example of medical education. In July 2023, our Minister of Health and Family Welfare told the Parliament that there are about 108,000 MBBS seats across the country.

Apart from this, there are some seats from BDS, Bachelor of Dental Surgery. According to a Times of India report, the total number of seats, MBBS plus BDS seats, is around 140,000. But the total number of applications for NEET UG in 2023 was more than 2 million. That means if 15 people are ambitious to be a doctor, only 1 of them gets the college seat.

There are even fewer PG seats. Only 67,800 seats. Do you understand what this means? In our country, there's an abundant supply of candidates who want to be doctors. In our country, so many want to become doctors. And, of course, there's high demand too. There is a severe shortage of doctors in our country.

But the problem is that our government hasn't built sufficient educational infrastructure in India. We lack colleges, universities, and educational institutes. There's another side to this problem. Half of the total medical seats in our country are in government medical colleges and the other half is in private medical colleges.

And the fees of private colleges are extremely high. According to a Times of India report, D Y Patil Medical College in Mumbai offers the most expensive MBBS degree at ₹14 million. In December 2022, the Minister of State for Education presented information to the Parliament through which we came to know that the median fee in any private medical college in India is ₹1.15 million per year.

That means the total fee to get the degree is almost ₹6 million. The median fees for Deemed Universities is even higher, at ₹2.1 million per year. The total fees is more than ₹10 million. How many families in our country can afford this? According to the report of 2022, State of Inequality in India, 90% of Indians earn less than ₹25,000 per month.

90% of Indians cannot afford these college fees. Now, some news anchor may make an argument that why does everyone want to become a doctor? So, let's talk about engineers. In December 2022, our Minister of State for Education, Subhash Sarkar told the Rajya Sabha, that even though the Indian population is increasing, over the last 5 years, the total number of seats in engineering colleges has been decreasing.

In 2017-18, there were 1.465 million seats. By 2021-22 they had decreased to, only around 1.253 million seats. But there is another aspect to this problem too. In 2017-18, more than half the seats were vacant. In 2018-19, 48.6% seats were vacant. Even in 2021-22, about 33% seats were vacant. ~421,000 lakh seats were vacant.

There was no shortage of supply here. Millions of people in our country, want to become engineers. But why are so many seats vacant in engineering colleges? There are four main reasons for this. First, the high fees. Over the last few years, the fees of colleges, including the IITs, have increased. Look at this news article from 2016.

The fees hike in IITs has almost doubled. The fees increased from ₹90,000 to Rs ₹200,000. For a 4-year B.Tech degree, you will have to pay an additional ₹800,000. In private engineering colleges, the fees reaches up to ₹2 million, Second, no matter how much you pay as fees, the quality of education, in most cases, is quite low.

In most of the private engineering colleges, there are sub-standard faculties, who are either paid very little or who are not at all qualified. Look at the data by the Ministry of Education from June 2023. Only 44.51% of the faculty in the engineering colleges across our country have a PhD. Only 55.49% have a master's degree.

How is this allowed? Third, most engineering colleges have a shortage of faculty. Look at this report from December 2022. Our education minister told Lok Sabha that 4,500 faculty posts are vacant in our prestigious IITs. In the academic year 2021-2022, overall 40.3% teaching positions were vacant. If this is the case in IITs, how are the other engineering colleges in the country faring? Fourth, most of the colleges do not have proper infrastructure.

In 2019, AICTE decided that in all of the government engineering colleges, 40,000 seats will be reduced. Why? Because they did not have proper faculty or proper infrastructure. In 2022, Anna University conducted a physical inspection and found that in Tamil Nadu, more than 50% of engineering colleges do not have adequate infrastructure.

Last year, 37 engineering colleges in Tamil Nadu did not admit even a single student. When our country's engineering colleges are in such a bad state, it is not surprising that most of the engineering graduates in our country, are not employable. In 2019, an employability assessment company, Aspiring Minds published a report that shows that 60% of engineering graduates in India do not do an internship.

And only about 3% of engineers have new-age technological skills in the fields of artificial intelligence, machine learning, data science, and mobile development. As a result, more than 80% of Indian engineers are not employable. And not because they are lazy or not good at studies, but because there is a shortage of engineering colleges in the country.

And in our country's engineering colleges, there is a lack of competent faculty and proper infrastructure. Now some people may say that why am I focusing so much on engineering? Students can choose something else. They can join an ITI. ITI means Industrial Training Institute, where you can learn a skill.

It's a great option, but how many seats are available there? Our Minister of State for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship, Rajiv Chandrasekhar told the Lok Sabha in December 2022 that there are around 15,000 ITIs. The total seating capacity is around 2.5 million. 150,000 for medical, 1.

25 million for engineering, and 2.5 million for ITI, even if you add up all these seats, we're not even at 5 million. But as I told you earlier in the video, the total number of eligible students in India is more than 30 million. Where will the remaining millions of students go? What will they study? If we talk about the ITIs, out of these 2.

5 million seats, like engineering, around 50% of the seats are vacant. And after graduating from ITIs, like engineering colleges, there is no job guarantee. Most of the graduates are not employable. Even if we assume that all the available seats are filled up, top quality education is provided for all the seats, and all the graduates have good skills, then, will they get jobs? Again, the answer is a straightforward no.

July 2023's CMIE data revealed that in India's manufacturing sector, there were 51 million jobs in 2016. By 2023, this number has fallen down to 36 million. You heard it right, the manufacturing sector jobs have decreased by 30%. On top of that, those who have jobs, their jobs are not secure. Look at these reports from May 2020, according to the CMIE report, more than 120 million Indians lost their jobs after the coronavirus lockdown was imposed in April.

Further, by June 2021, 10 million people had lost their jobs during the second wave of Covid. 97% of household incomes declined. You might not like me talking about Covid. So, let me tell you what happened after Covid. In May 2023, the Indian Staffing Federation stated that 6% of contract workers had lost their jobs in the IT sector in India in the March quarter.

In June 2023, more than 11,000 Indian startup employees were laid off. In August 2023, a layoff tsunami hit. Tech companies fired more than 200,000 employees from their jobs. Engineering colleges are worried because companies like TCS, Cognizant, and Wipro have not resumed campus hiring. In October 2023, four out of the top 5 IT companies had negative hiring numbers.

Infosys, Wipro, HCL, and Tech Mahindra, their hiring numbers were negative. Only TCS's hiring number was positive, 523 staffers. What is happening here? Indian economy's GDP growth rate is not negative. Neither are these companies going into loss. If you look at TCS's profit, their year-on-year profit growth was 9%.

₹113 billion in profit. If you look at Infosys' quarterly profit before tax, ₹85 billion in profit. These companies recorded profit in every quarter. But they don't have jobs for people. The employees are being made to work overtime. More than half of the employees are on the verge of burnout. According to a survey by the McKinsey Health Institute in 2023, India is at the top in terms of workplace burnout.

62% of Indian employees report workplace exhaustion. Japan comes in second with 61%. This is not the only such report. There have been other reports before that have pointed out the same thing. Asian Mental Health Index report of September 2023. More than half of Indian employees feel exhausted from work. ILO report of February 2021.

Indian workers work the longest, earn the least. I'm not saying that all companies do this, but this is the trend among most companies in the country. They don't recruit new employees, because their salary expenses would increase. They overwork their existing employees. And in case, the employees aren't overworked, they use cost-cutting and enhanced efficiency as excuses to do some more layoffs.

If you are in such a situation, there are some useful self-help audiobooks on KUKU FM that can help you. Like this, How to Enjoy Your Life and Your Job. Or this, 10 ways to get a private job. Or this, On How to Master Any Skill. In case you don't know, KUKU FM is a great audio-learning platform where you can listen to audiobooks on all kinds of topics.

Not just self-help, but also on history, politics, fiction, geopolitics, and everything else. If you haven't joined it yet, you can test it out for free because they offer a 7-day free trial. The link is in the description below. Many companies around the world do the same. Amazon, in the first 3 months of 2023, fired more than 27,000 employees globally.

Meta, since November 2022, has fired 21,000 employees. Twitter, as per a report from December 2022, there are only 80 Twitter employees in India. Engineers are being asked to work longer hours. There is a clearly evident pattern here. when a company grows beyond a certain limit, the job growth rate in that company would keep falling.

In a previous video, I showed you an example of the Adani Group. Their market capitalisation is ₹11 trillion. This is an enormous number. But how many employees are there in this company? According to their website, there are only 43,000 employees. Look at the example of Coca-Cola. In December 2012, Coca-Cola told the US Securities and Exchange Commission that this company has 150,900 employees.

Ten years later, in December 2022, Coca-Cola said that they had only 82,000 employees remaining. The number of employees has almost halved in ten years. But the profit of this company increased by hundreds of billions of dollars. Twitter's market capitalisation, $41 billion. That is ₹34 trillion. How many people does this company employ? Only 1,500.

One of the biggest companies in India, ITC owns more than 25 brands. Sunfeast Biscuits, Ashirwad Aata, Bingo Mad Angles, hotels like ITC Maurya, more than 10 cigarette brands, Classmate Stationery, all of them are owned by this company. Their market cap is ₹54 trillion. But how many employees do they hire? Only around 23,000.

Another famous name in the FMCG sector is Hindustan Unilever. They own more than 50 FMCG brands. Pepsodent, Close-Up, Lifebuoy, Dove, Pears Soap, Kwality Wall's, Horlicks, Red Label, Brew Coffee, Surf Excel. Their market capitalisation is ₹59 trillion. Their annual turnover is ₹580 billion. But there are only 21,000 total employees.

So the point here is that these private jobs, the jobs that you get after doing engineering, or MBA, the corporate white-collar jobs, are also extremely limited. And it's not like people aren't getting jobs only because of lack of skills. There are many skilled people in our country. The problem is that there is a shortage of jobs.

In February 2023, in a public function, RSS Chief Mohan Bhagwat said that everyone is running after jobs. Government jobs make up around 10% of jobs, and the other jobs are around 20%. And there is no society in the world that can create more than 30% jobs. Talking to Sudhir Choudhary, PM Modi had also said that having a street food stall is also a form of employment.

"If someone sells fritters outside your ZeeTV studio and by the end of the day, earns ₹200, will you consider that person to be employed or not?" It is possible that Sudhir Choudhary would make a new show asking why does everyone want a government or private job? Why don't they set up a business? Don't believe this excuse because if this is the case, then why do governments promise employment? If the government doesn't have the capability to provide jobs, then why are they promising jobs?

People often make fun of Gandhi's spinning wheel, but when we talk about employment, then Gandhi's spinning wheel provides more employment than these large-scale companies. According to IMR group's report, the size of the Indian handicraft market in 2022 was $3.9 billion. If converted to Rupees, it is around ₹320 billion.

And can you guess how many people are employed here? 6.9 million people. Compare it with Hindustan Unilever. There the turnover is ₹580 billion and employment is provided to 21,000 people. The size of the handicraft market is ₹320 billion and it employs 6.9 million people. 650 times more employment. NITI Aayog's reports have also pointed out the same thing.

Even though the informal sector contributes only 50% to our National Product, but 90% of the workforce is employed here. In the video about Amul, I told you how cooperatives like Lijjat Papad and Amul should be given a lot of credit for generating employment on a large scale. Some innocent people praise these large companies they praise rich billionaires, they celebrate when someone becomes the richest man in the world.

But in reality, if someone is generating employment for our country, helping this country grow, then it is our cooperatives and small and micro enterprises. Every shopkeeper and every person who sets up a stall in the country should be given credit here. The decentralised economy and localised production they create, in reality, that is job creation.

We need to grow together, and to be vocal for local. I know that these slogans are popularised by PM Modi, but when it comes to these slogans, I am a big fan. The only problem is that our PM stops after shouting these slogans. He either does the opposite or does nothing about it. What does the government need to do to solve the problem of unemployment? First of all, vacancies should be filled.

Even though there's a shortage of government jobs, but at least the vacancies should be filled. The central government has more than 950,000 job vacancies, different state governments have reported more than 6 million job vacancies. From schools to courts to police to ministries, there are vacancies everywhere.

Second, there is a dire need to focus on education. The government schools, colleges, and institutes in our country need improved infrastructure. New educational institutes need to be set up across the country so that there are more seats. Many people want to be engineers and doctors. And there is a shortage of engineers and doctors in the country.

But to bridge the gap between the demand and supply, there are no educational institutes. Third, the government needs to take action on a large scale to promote cooperative and small and micro enterprises. There are good economies in cities like Delhi, Mumbai, and Bangalore. But if we talk about remote districts, Madhya Pradesh's Gwalior, Haryana's Jeend, who will provide jobs here? Will the poor people here need to wait for a day when some billionaire will look at them and set up factories to give them jobs?

This mindset needs to change. The government will have to intervene here. Right now, the government only provides loans, but the government will have to provide means of production, storage space, and market mechanisms. When the Great Depression struck America in 1929, or the stalemate brought by Mao Zedong in China, or the slum-like conditions in Singapore in the 1960s, all this were handled only when the government intervened.

Without government action, it is very difficult to improve upon. In India too, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru set up many public sector undertakings. He nationalised LIC and many other banks, which resulted in employment for many people. The White Revolution turned milk-deficient India into the largest producer of milk.

It happened only when the government intervened. Why could Hyderabad become an IT hub? Because the government intervened. Fourth, the people selling street food have their own importance, and so do the engineers. But when the Prime Minister tells you to start a street food stall, what has the government done to promote it? The price of gas cylinders and oil have skyrocketed, and in the name of employment, the government has reduced corporate tax from 30% to 22% in 2019.

Because of this, in only 1 year, our country lost more than ₹1 trillion. If the government gets some time from the getting kickbacks from billionaires, perhaps it might look at small businesses. They need to be encouraged if we want to have more jobs in the country. But friends, you shouldn't keep waiting for the governments to step in.

Waiting for the government to take some action and give you a job. You can start working towards it right now. Step 1: Delete all the betting apps and gambling apps on your phone. These waste your money. You need to understand that whether there are government jobs or not, whether there are private jobs or not, you are the one that has to do something.

Step 2. Learn a skill. It can be any skill. Whether you watch cooking videos on YouTube and learn to cook. And after watching that, you could start a cloud kitchen from your home. You can make tiffin for people or bake birthday cakes. You can set up a stall to sell fritters or a tea. If you are not confident about starting your own business, you can work with another salesperson.

Go work at a jewellery shop to learn how to design jewellery. Find a handicraft worker and work with them. Instead of sitting at home and scrolling on Instagram, instead of wasting time on betting apps, look around you, there are so many different jobs you can learn from people that are working on it. No work is insignificant if it is done with sincerity and dedication.

If you are sincere, you will the work and soon you will develop the confidence where you can start your own business. But to be able to do anything, you have to start first. If you want to learn skills related to YouTube, Filmmaking, Video Editing, Researching or Scripting, I have made a detailed YouTuber course on Dhruv Rathee Academy.

If you want to learn AI-related skills, I have made an entire course on ChatGPT. You can check out both these courses, scan these QR codes, or you can use their link in the description below. If you want to buy any course on Dhruv Rathee Academy, use this coupon WORK40 to get 40% off. But the point here is not about the skills taught in these courses.

Try to learn any skill you can. Don't worry if you get less money initially, treat it as an internship for a few months. This is another important topic, of what you can do to start a business or to find a job, but this video is already quite long, so after the election, I will make a 30-minute-long special video on this, to give you advice.

If you liked the video, and you want to gain more knowledge and skills about Artificial Intelligence, click here to watch this video. Thank you very much!

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