Google’s $2 Trillion Business Model | How Google Earns Money?

Hello, friends! Do you know that on Google, every day, there are more than 8.5 billion Google searches? It's as if every person on Earth, searches for something or the other on Google at least once a day. This is not a small feat. But more amazing than this is that doing this is completely free. And not only Google search, almost every product by Google is completely free to use.

Watching videos on YouTube is free. Using Gmail is free. Google Maps is free to use. Despite providing all of this for free, Google's market cap is more than $2 Trillion. How is this possible? How can Google provide so many services for free? It doesn't charge us any money, but has still managed to become such a big company.

Friends, today, let's understand the business model of the most famous company on the internet in this video. Friends, you must have heard a lot about how we refer to photocopy machines as Xerox machines, refer to white glue as Fevicol and refer to adhesive bandage as Bandaid. Whenever a company dominates in its field like this, its name is associated with what it does.

Similarly, today, an internet search is known as "Googling" something. This Google search started in 1998 as a college project. Larry Page and Sergey Brin created it with a mission to organise all the information in the world and to make it accessible and useful. "Our entire mission is basically to organise world's information and make it universally accessible and useful.

" During its initial days, Google was a simple search engine. This is how it looked. A simple website to search for things on the internet. The word "Google" doesn't actually mean anything, but it is inspired from the world Googol. Googol is the name of a number. The number 1 followed by 100 zeroes.

If there are 3 zeros after 1, it is called a Thousand. If there are 4 zeros after 1, it is Ten Thousand. Similarly, if there are 100 zeros after 1, that number is called Googol. Google was chosen as a name to refer to this number to show that their search engine will look up so much information on the internet that it will be in Googols.

If you used internet during its early days, you'd remember that Google searches in those days, showed numerous result pages. And Google used to number and list these result pages endlessly. And the name Google came with extra O's. In 2000, Google took its first big step. They introduced the system of AdWords.

Today, it is known as Google Ads. Through this, the businesses could pay to display their ads on Google's search results pages. Later in this video, we will talk about how it became Google's biggest business model. But over the years, Google started offering many more products and services. In 2004, Gmail was introduced.

In 2005, Google Maps was introduced, which changed the world. In 2006, Google acquired YouTube, the very platform you are watching this video on. Many people don't know that in the beginning, YouTube was a separate company. It was only in 2006 that Google bought YouTube. After that, in 2008, Google introduced Android.

The same mobile operating system that is in most people's phones. The same year, Google launched its own web browser. Google Chrome. Which is the most popular web browser in the world today. Later, Google started making its own hardware products. Their Pixel smartphones, Chromebook laptops, and smart home devices.

Today, Google is expanding in the Artificial Intelligence field as well. And after hearing all this you will feel that Google has been producing one powerful product after another. And everything turned out to be successful. But this is not true. The examples I listed right now are the examples of its successful products and services.

There are many things that Google tried but eventually failed. Like Google Plus. Google tried to make its own social media platform to compete with Facebook. But it failed. Google Hangouts, an app for chatting, which was popular at one time, but was shut down in 2022. Google Nexus tablets, which were also famous at one time, they were competing with the iPad, but after a while, Google shut them down too.

Google Podcasts, Google Glass, Google Wave, Google Reader, the number of examples of failures, in reality, are far more in comparison to the successes. If you go to Wikipedia and look at the entire list, there are more than 200 such products and services by Google that have failed. And here we have an important lesson.

"Failure is the mother of all successes." If you really want to achieve success, you will have to fail many times. Keeping in mind these successes and failures, let's talk about the present day, and see

Let's understand it in detail. On the screen, you can see the revenue breakdown of Google for the year 2022. That is, where did Google earn its revenue in the year 2022? The total revenue is $280 billion, of which 58% of the revenue, i.e. $162 billion comes from the ads shown with Google searches. After this, the second biggest source of income is Google Network ads.

The ads that you get on different websites that partner with Google. Google earns $32.78 billion from here. Third is YouTube Ads $29 billion comes from here. The ads that you will see while watching this video. Here, it's interesting that these ads are the source of income for us YouTubers. The money that advertisers pay to show these ads is split between Google and the creators.

45% of the revenue goes to Google and 55% goes to creators like me. So the 45% share of YouTube from the content of all creators generates about $29 billion in revenue for Google in a year. Similarly, there are apps on Google Play Store. When an app creator sells their app through Google Play Store, 70% of the revenue goes to the creator and 30% goes to Google.

So, the revenue from the sales of these apps and the other revenue by selling phones and laptops, that part of Google's revenue is fourth on the list with $29 billion, at around 10.4%. And the last major revenue source is Google Cloud with $26 billion. Now, it is also interesting to see where does Google spend this money? Around $40 billion is spent on Research and Development.

For their ongoing research to create more new products and services. To keep on attempting at new failures. About $44 billion is spent on non-production costs like renting offices, spending on advertising, marketing, and accounting, and paying salaries to the employees. Their total expenses

This is the Balance Sheet of their company. Here you can also see that income before taxes was $71 billion in 2022. They paid $11 billion in taxes and their profit was approximately $60 billion. The most interesting thing in this business model is providing things for "free." How is it possible to earn a profit by providing things for free? There are two reasons behind this.

First, these "free" things are not completely free. The base level products are free, but if you want premium service, you have to pay. This is a common business strategy which is called the Freemium model. Free plus premium. And many companies use this. Spotify, LinkedIn, Zoom, and now even Twitter uses it.

In simple words, the basic services will be given to you for free, but if you want the Premium service, you will have to pay for it. Like, Gmail is free to use, but its storage limit is 15 GB. If you want more storage, you will have to pay. Google Drive is free to use, but its storage limit is 15 GB too. If you want more than that, you need to pay.

Watching videos on YouTube is free. But you will get ads in between. If you want to remove ads, you will have to pay money. You will have to subscribe to YouTube Premium. This Freemium model is very successful because it gives you an opportunity to 'Try Before You Buy.' You can try a product and only if you like it, should you pay for it.

But in Google's case, the interesting thing is that most people do not use their paid services. 95% of people who watch videos on YouTube have not subscribed to their Premium version. 95% of people who use Gmail or Google Drive do not pay for it. But still, Google earns its majority revenue from its free services.

Here comes our second reason, Data Collection. The more free services we use, the more can Google acess our data. Everything we search on Google, every video we watch on YouTube, every email we send, all of this data is anonymously collected and used for targeted advertising. You must have noticed this too. If you search for a healthy recipe on YouTube, later when you are on Google and its partner websites, you will see ads for healthy tiffin services or nutritionists.

If you search for hotels in Dubai on Google, you will see ads for Dubai tourism, and different tourist attractions in Dubai. Google uses an advanced Machine Learning Algorithm to show targeted ads. And not just for ads, but even to show normal search results, Google uses a very complex algorithm. When you look up something, which website will be shown at the top of the search results, and which website will be at the bottom, and how to get your own website to rank higher, this has become a distinct branch of science today.

It is called SEO, or Search Engine Optimisation. If you own a business but you do not want to spend money on paid ads, while still having your business at the top of the search results organically, then the sponsor of today's video's will be useful for you. Thatware Thatware is an SEO company that uses more than 1,000 proprietary AI algorithms and advanced SEO techniques.

They will help you rank your brand at the top of search results so that your business and your brand can become more visible. So that more people visit your website. They offer precise ROI tracking too and give real-time insights so that you can track their results and make informed decisions. Being ranked well in search results is like a lottery for any small business.

Because thousands of new potential customers can visit your website only through a Google search. So if you are interested, you can visit the thatware.co website. Or you can use the link in the description below and simply drop your inquiry on the website. Now, let's get back to the topic of paid ads to understand Google's Ad Targeting better.

What is your age group? Are you a man or a woman? Which country do you live in? Which city do you live in? What do you search about? What do you like? Based on these data, Google creates a profile for you. And from a different perspective, an advertiser can choose these as parameters. If you have a small business selling clothes or glasses.

And you want your ad to be seen by 18-25 year old girls, who live in the NCR region specifically. You can choose these parameters. And then you can choose some keywords, like sunglasses or sarees. And Google's task here is to match an advertiser with a user. If your age group, region, and gender matches to the parameters and you search for a word related to 'sunglasses' on Google or you watch a video related to it on YouTube, like a review of some sunglass, Google will know that you are the target customer for this ad

and Google will show you this ad. This is a simplified explanation, but broadly speaking, this is how Google Ads work. If we go into a bit more complexity, there is a lot of competition between advertisers as well. So, there's a bidding to show Ads. Advertisers can decide how much money they are ready to pay to show their ad.

If another company is willing to pay more, then their ad will be shown first. Google calculates the Ad Rank to decide this. It decides the rank for each ad. For this, apart from the money the quality of the ad is also considered. On the other hand, the user Google checks how well the user matches to each specific ad.

Based on whatever they have searched for, how relevant will an advertiser be for that particular user. And here, there are different types of ads too. Like Search Ads, when you type something on Google, the ads on top of the search results are called Search Ads. Then there are Banner Ads. When you go to different websites, like a news website, the ads that you see on the banners on the website are part of the Google Display Network.

And then there are Video Ads shown on YouTube, which are played in the middle, before or at the end of the video. This is further bifurcated into the category Skippable and Non-Skippable. If we see the combined revenue from all these different types of ads, Google's total revenue from ads is $237

And in 2022, their total revenue was $280 billion. So, out of the $280 billion, Google earns $237 billion just from these ads. Look at this chart. You can see Google's annual advertising revenue. You can see nearly exponential growth here. This revenue has been increasing for the past 20 years. And in 2020-21, you will see a huge jump.

 

This was due to COVID. Most people were spending time at home on the internet. More and more ads were being watched. Advertisers were willing to spend more money on ads. So Google's revenue jumped so high during that time. But Google is not the only company which relies on targeted advertising for its business.

Meta's Facebook and Instagram do the same. In 2023, Meta's annual advertising revenue was $131 billion. Amazon also makes money by showing ads like this. You might be thinking, why would Amazon need to show ads when it is already making money by selling products on its website? Actually, while selling the products, the purchase history data of each user that is generated, is more important than the data collected by Google.

Because Google knows only about where your interest lies. When you watch a video on YouTube or search for something on Google search. those are you interests. But Amazon knows which products you have purchased. You can be more accurately targeted by these product sales. If they know what are the things you like to buy, then you be shown the ads of other similar things.

That's why Amazon generated $46.9 billion in revenue from advertising alone. In the last 20 years, this single Business Model has helped these companies dominate the internet. But now, cracks seem to have appeared in this model. There are two major reasons for this. First, the privacy concerns. People are worried about the extent of things Google knows about you.

What you eat, where you live, where you work. Even the diseases you suffer from. Because people often search for such things on Google. What are your relationships? What are the problems you face in your life? "So I think Google does have more information than Facebook does. I don't know if that's a bad thing.

I think that it helps make the product better." Look at this news from 2023. Google paid a fine of $93 million to the state of California, USA. because Google was tracking users' location even though users had turned off their location history. As awareness about privacy is increasing among people, people are sharing less information on the internet.

And if these websites do not get more and more information their ad targeting will get worse. And if ad targeting gets bad, advertisers won't want to spend more money which will adversely affect their revenue. But the second problem is even bigger. You must have heard the famous saying "Don't put all your eggs in one basket.

" because if that basket falls, all the eggs will break. This advertising model will completely fall apart if someday people stop using Google search for some reason. Already, with time, Google search's reliability has been on the decline. Earlier, you saw only one ad on the top. But now, if you search for something, the first few top results will be ads.

If you are hit by so many ads when you look up something, then the usefulness of those search results starts to decrease. And now imagine that if a competitor comes up, which shows you exactly what you want to search for, without any ads. A platform like ChatGPT. When you ask ChatGPT any question, you get a direct answer neatly formatted into paragraphs without any ads.

But if you look up the same question on Google search, you will get a lot of results, which will be full of ads and you won't know the reliability of different search results, which is reliable, which is a trustable source, which website should you click on, and which website should you not. In my opinion, these AI-powered chatbots like ChatGPT will be the biggest threat to Google's advertising business model in the coming years.

Perhaps, Google already knows this. That's why Google is also developing its own Artificial Intelligence software, like Gemini, as a competitor to ChatGPT. Now, only time will tell whether Google will remain as the face of the internet for the next 20 years or not. Or whether some other company gets ahead of it.

But one thing is for sure. This competition between different companies is definitely beneficial for the consumers, for individuals like us. Because we will get better services and products. If you want to understand Artificial Intelligence in detail, I have explained it in this video. You can click here to watch it.

Thank you very much!

 

 

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The Truth about Artificial Intelligence and ChatGPT

 

Hello, friends! Artificial intelligence is changing the world. Until now, using Photoshop, real-looking fake photos could be created, but it took hours of hard work. Now, this can be done in just a second. Putting a smile on your face. Click one button and it's done. Changing your hairstyle. With one click, your hair becomes shorter.

 With one click, your hair becomes longer. These fake photos look very real. You can even expand your photos outside the borders. AI can understand  what I'm saying in Hindi and automatically generate  English subtitles for this video. Like this! And if I want, for this video, I can even change my face with the help of AI.

Along with the face, I can use my voice to speak another language with the help of AI. Like this. See how I'll be speaking in French now. "And if I want, I can also change my voice with the help of AI." I can make paintings and animations in 2 seconds with the help of AI. For example, if I write 'Lord Hanuman flying in the air' ultra HD.

Make me a painting. In a few seconds and I get 8 different amazing options of Lord Hanuman's painting. Companies like Marvel are using AI to create animations for their TV shows and movies. Companies like Amazon say that they will use AI to write books and then sell them on their website. It is unimaginable what AI is already capable of.

Automatically replying to emails, writing emails for you, helping you in your studies, helping you with your work, giving you health advice, working as your virtual assistant. The possibilities are endless. We are witnessing a new global revolution. Artificial Intelligence is going to impact everything. The job market is going to change.

The way of studying in schools and colleges is going to change. The political system is going to change. Military warfare is going to change. Let's try to understand these in this video. "Should we automate away all the jobs?" "Every technological revolution leads to job changes and this will be no exception.

" "Concerns over the rapidly expanding  use of Artificial Intelligence." "The danger of AI is much greater than the danger of nuclear warheads. By a lot!" "The machines taking over is a threat for everybody. A threat for the Chinese and for the Americans  and for the Europeans. It's just like a global nuclear war was.

" Even though AI's development was rapidly taking place for the last 5-7 years, but the people started noticing it when ChatGPT version 3.5 was made publicly available in November 2022.. ChatGPT is an AI software which is called Large Language Model, LLM. The special thing about it is that it can imitate the way humans speak very well.

(02:53) The style in which humans talk to each other, our way of using language on phones, internet, computers, It was trained on that and now it can speak  to us in the same style. ChatGPT has been made by an American company named OpenAI and its popularity rocketed so quickly that it became the world's fastest growing online service.

Look at this chart. It took Netflix 3.5 years to reach 1 million users. Twitter took 2 years. Facebook took 10 months. Instagram took 2.5 months. And ChatGPT reached this milestone  in just 5 days. The reason for this is very obvious. When you use ChatGPT, you will understand. Its version 3.5 is free to use. You just have to create an account.

On the website of OpenAI. Ask it anything. When the answers are generated they seem like a human is answering it. A person who knows everything about everything. Whether you ask it a factual question or a grammar related question or ask it to write a formal letter. You get to see amazing accuracy here. This technology was so revolutionary that big companies saw it and in desperation launched their own AI chatbots.

In response to the ChatGPT, Google launched its Google Bard. Microsoft launched its Bing AI, even though OpenAI and Microsoft are in a partnership. Snapchat launched its MyAI. Apart from this, many companies, whether it's Quora, Duolingo, or Air India, have already incorporated AI into their systems or have announced that they are going to do it soon.

The question here is that if this technology is so amazing, then why are influential people like Elon Musk saying that we should slow down the development of AI? "Musk and hundreds of influential names including Apple co-founder, Steve Wozniak, are calling for a pause in experiments. Saying AI poses a dramatic risk to society unless there is proper oversight.

" "I think we need to regulate AI safety, quite frankly, because it is, I think, actually a bigger risk to society than cars or planes or medicine." The first danger is related to jobs. People are afraid that if AI can do so much and in such a great way, and perform better than humans, then many people will lose their jobs.

And this is true, friends. In history, whenever a new technology was introduced, it has definitely had an impact on the job market. When smartphones were introduced, the jobs of landline telephone operators were all gone. When cars came, the jobs of people who drove horse carriages were almost finished. When ATMs came, the jobs of bank tellers in banks, who used to facilitate your cash transactions, demand for those jobs declined drastically.

Similarly, due to the advent of online websites, jobs of booking clerks have gone down. Due to the advent of industrial robots, assembly line workers lost their jobs. But the danger of Artificial Intelligence is much bigger than all these technologies. There are two reasons behind this. First is that the effect of AI technology will not be limited to a single sector.

In fact, it will be seen in every field. It has happened for the first time that creative people's jobs are at risk. People used to think that as technology improves, the most mechanical jobs, the jobs that required the most repeated work, will be the first to go. No one thought that creative jobs like  graphic designers can also disappear.

Jobs of logo designers and musicians can be at risk. AI softwares like Midjourney and Stable Diffusion can generate images for you and create logos and graphics in minutes. If we talk about music, look at Google's music model. You just have to write in the text that you want to listen to the song 'Bella Ciao' only on guitar.

Or you can say that you want to listen to this song using only drums and flute. Or a chorus of this song's tune. Or only on a piano. In the future, generating music will become so easy. You just have to write what kind of music you want and you will get it. The second reason is this. AI's impact is going to be huge and rapid. Whichever sector will be impacted by it, millions of jobs will be wiped out. You must be scared to hear this but there is good news too. The good news is that if old jobs are wiped out, new jobs will emerge. According to World Economic Forum's the Future of Jobs Report 2020 by 2025, 85 million jobs will be wiped out due to AI all over the world.

But the same report states that with the help of AI, 97 million new jobs will be created in this time frame. That is why it is often said that "AI is not a job killer but a job category killer." You might ask, what will be the emerging jobs? In all the new jobs that will be created here, Artificial Intelligence skills will be needed.

 For example, on one hand, a graphic designer may lose his job, where he doesn't need to make logos anymore. On the other hand, we'll need a person who can give instructions to AI on how to make logos. A person will still be needed to be able to tell AI what to incorporate in the logo. Then, to modify or change AI's output, a new person will be needed.

That's why there is another saying here, "AI won't take your job, but a person knowing AI will." Artificial intelligence will not be the one to take your job, but a person who knows how to use Artificial Intelligence will definitely take your job. This means that we have to adapt to this new world as soon as possible.

And that's why I have made this course on mastering AI chatbots. In this course, I will teach you how you can become a master of AI chatbots like ChatGPT. Using ChatGPT to replying to your emails, or to solve your homework, are some basic things. In this 4.

5-hour course, I will teach you in-depth things on how you can transform your entire life with the help of tools like chatGPT. This course will be very useful for you if you are a working professional, employee, student, job seeker, business owner, or homemaker. Because for all these categories a chapter is dedicated in the course. For example, how a business owner can use ChatGPT to expand his business.

It took months of research to make this course and all the research was done with my personal experience. Whatever practical things I will teach you in this course, I am personally using them in my life. And apart from practical lessons, two chapters are dedicated to theoretical knowledge, which explain the technology behind tools like ChatGPT.

Overall, I am sure that you will see  a wonderful transformation in your life after completing this course. This is the second course  at Dhruv Rathee Academy. And the feedback on the previous course has also been incorporated into this. For example, this whole course is in Hindi with English subtitles. This was the biggest complaint about the previous course.

So, use the coupon code TAKE41 to get 41% off on this course. We're launching this course with the biggest discount. For the first 1,000 people to use this coupon code. You will get the link in the description below. You can join it quickly and become a part of this new world of AI. Amidst this good news, there's shocking news too.

As of 2022, India's literacy rate is only at 77%. This means that 23% of the Indian population can neither write nor read. Look at the National Sample Survey report, which tells us the numbers of computer literacy, according to it, 60% of the Indian population between the ages of 15 to 29 do not know how to use a computer.

75% Indians cannot send emails with attachments. Imagine how difficult it is to employ such people who do not even have basic computer knowledge. And now, due to Artificial Intelligence, this level is going up again. 23% of the people have not learnt to read and write. 70% of the people have not learnt to use a computer properly.

And now, those who won't learn to use Artificial Intelligence will lag behind again. In the coming years, AI will become a new standard. That if you want a job, you should have basic knowledge of AI. Like, if you want a job today, you need to have basic knowledge of computers. These statistics are a big wake-up call for the entire country.

Will our students be trained on time  in schools and colleges? After the job market, the next big impact of Artificial Intelligence will be on our education system. Do you remember, at one time, teachers used to say that you should not use calculators while doing maths because you won't have a calculator with you always.

But technology has changed so much and so quickly that not only do we always have calculators with us, but we also have smartphones  that have powers like a computer. And now, AI will also be available to us. When ChatGPT started becoming popular initially, the very first use case by students was to cheat for their homework.

You will find news articles from all over the world, on how ChatGPT was used to complete school assignments. Which, I believe, is a very stupid use of ChatGPT. If you are a student, you should understand that in the short term, you can cheat  in your homework assignments but in the long term, when you move on in life the skills that you are expected to learn you will have to learn to use those skills yourself.

Moving forward, to become successful in life learning and adapting will be the 2 most important aspects. There are many other ways to use AIs like ChatGPT in the education system. Developed countries like Japan have already started taking action. Guidelines have been published in Japan on how to use AI in schools  and how not to use it.

It can be used to reduce the workload of a teacher. It can be used to explain concepts better to students. It can be used for fact-checking  and to learn English. I have explained all these use cases in detail in my course. But Japan has said that it is forbidden to use it for cheating. You need to understand that AI is a tool.

And this tool can be used  positively as well as negatively. It depends on the person who is using it. And talking about bad use cases, we come to the next big danger. Political propaganda. Using AI in politics is probably the most dangerous thing for it. And it is already being done. In 2016, when AI had not even reached this level, Machine Learning was used in the  Facebook Cambridge Analytica Data Scandal.

 Large amount of data on Facebook was used and Machine Learning,  a field in Artificial Intelligence, was used to send different messages to different voters. People were judged based on their likes and dislikes for what kind of things would they like. Their personality. And the ads they saw,  were catered to their personality.

 In 2016 US Presidential elections, when Donald Trump won and during the Brexit vote in the UK, these were the two biggest examples of this and the first use cases of AI in politics. I would like to show you an example of Brexit's political propaganda. All the data on Facebook was collected and people were divided into different segments.

(14:14) There were some people who were very concerned about the environment. So they were shown these ads. "The EU blocks our ability to speak out  and protect polar bears." There were some people who were very scared of foreigners. So they were shown these ads. On how by being a part of the European Union, Turkey will be eligible for visa-free travel.

 Which was a lie. Turkey has not received visa-free travel from the EU till date. But those who were afraid of this, they voted for Brexit out of fear. Then there were some people who  were worried about inflation. So they were shown this ad. "If UK leaves the European Union,  you can save £933." Instead of showing all the ads to everyone, they were shown personalized ads after their data was analyzed through Machine Learning.

And this was very effective. When the voting day came, 51.9% of the people voted for Brexit. But this was just a small example. AI has now developed so much that it can now be used in even more dangerous ways. In India, during the wrestlers' protests recently. AI was used to malign the image of wrestlers.

Wrestlers had uploaded a photo  of themselves on Twitter when they were detained by the police. An IT cell guy morphed their photo and put a smile on their face. Many people were fooled by the photo. Believing that the wrestlers were accompanying the police gladly. They believed that they had some agenda. And it took a second to make  the morphed photo, but it will take a person  several minutes to recognize it.

When you look at this photo closely, you will notice that everybody's smile looks similar. The structure of the teeth has  been copy-pasted for all of them. In reality, the shape of everyone's teeth differs slightly. Not everyone can notice these small details and a lot of people are fooled by this.

But the sliver of hope here is that AI can be used for good as well. AI can be used to fight against this  propaganda and fake news. How? Only time will tell. A line from this article in Medium describes the whole situation very well. "Artificial intelligence can save democracy unless it destroys it first.

 Artificial intelligence can save our democracy if it doesn't destroy it first. The truth is that many people are already using it on a large scale for bad purposes. Look at this tweet. The person who wrote this tweet tells us how he met a man who fools people on dating apps  like Tinder by using AI. He replies to men using AI and keeps talking to them and finally asks for money to talk to them.

And this scammer is earning around ₹1.2 million  a month by doing this scam. This is just an example. After the advent of ChatGPT, the possibilities of scamming and  fraud has increased a lot. Earlier, these Nigerian Prince scams used to come in emails. You could easily find out that these were scams because the grammar used in these emails would be terrible.

There were a lot of grammatical mistakes in these scam emails. But now, when AI will write these scam emails, it will be difficult to find even one mistake. The most common way to scam people through AI has been voice-based scams. What do these frauds do? They mimic the voices of your family members through AI.

And then they ask you for money. You feel that a family member is calling you. It took two weeks for the researchers of McAfee Lab to investigate how accessible and easy-to-use are the voice cloning tools of AI. They found that there are dozens of free voice tools available on the internet. It is not difficult to use them.

And with just 3 seconds of audio, they can make a cloned voice with  85% voice match to the original voice. Researchers also found that AI can replicate accents. If you have an Indian accent, UK accent, American accent, no problem. A study conducted by them found that 83% of the Indian victims of AI voice scams have lost their money.

More than half of the people  have lost more than ₹50,000 due to this. These scams are not only seen in India, but are seen all over the world. According to a report by ABC, a 'Hi Mum' scam took place on WhatsApp. Fraudsters used AI to pretend that they are your family members. They would message as family members.

They looted more than 11,000 Australians and earned $7.2 million in 2022. There is only one way to avoid these scams. As fast as possible, awareness should be dispersed among people about Artificial Intelligence. People should be told what AI is, how it is used,  and how it can be used for frauds. I will try my best to inform you, but you need to share these videos with your friends and family so that everyone can know about them.

The future is going to be even more difficult because most people will not be able to educate and adapt themselves so quickly. Apart from direct frauds and scams, many unethical companies will also use these AIs to fool you. In the video on gambling apps, I told you about the tricks and techniques these apps use to make you addicted.

Now think, how easy it will be for them to make you addicted by using tools like AI. In the future, Artificial Intelligence is going to change the world drastically. Till now, it was only behind the screens. Imagine if it comes out of the screens and comes into the physical world. Companies like Boston Dynamics have already made such robots that can move, run, jump like humans.

Watch this video. Your mind will be blown to see  what the robots can already do. This is their latest robot, Atlas, which can interact with the objects around it. It can pick up a piece of wood and keep it by itself. It can find a way to go over it. And it can help the human worker on top. These robots can already help in construction work.

Now imagine, what will happen if these robots are integrated with technologies like ChatGPT? The efficiency of these robots will be  much higher than that of humans because they don't need to sleep or eat. By the way, such robots that look like humans are called humanoid robots. Some researchers have already integrated  technologies like ChatGPT with them.

Like this humanoid robot, Ameka. It is integrated with ChatGPT 4.0 technology. It can talk to humans like a normal human being. And quite realistically. "By the way, you stink." "Excuse me? What do you mean by that? That is highly offensive and inappropriate." Here, a danger is posed in the form of  Artificial General Intelligence.

What will happen if these robots become so intelligent that they are better than humans at every task? It will take many years to happen, but it is worth thinking about the  impact it will have on the world. Israeli historian and philosopher, Yuval Noah Harari says that Artificial Intelligence will be able to  compose their own religious texts.

They will have their worshippers and in this way, new religions  will be created in the future. Many philosophical, ethical, and  technological questions arise here. It is not possible to cover  all of them in one video. If you want, I can make more videos on this topic. You can tell me in the comments below.

There is no need to be too scared of this long-term future. For now, just remember that in the short term, the better you will adapt and educate yourself about AI, the better you will be in your career in the future. If you didn't know much about AI, don't worry, you can start now. This is the right time.

My 4.5-hour course on ChatGPT  covers almost everything you need  to know about these AI chatbots. And you will also learn how you can  use these AIs in your day-to-day life to make your life better. Don't forget to use coupon code TAKE41. Link is in the description below. If you liked the video,  then do watch my video on gambling.

You will find out how they try to make you an addict. Thank you very much!

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How Singapore became Asia’s No.1 Country? | Case Study

Hello, friends! Imagine a country with widespread poverty and unemployment. High crime rates. Drug-related problems, frequent riots, overpopulation and illiteracy as well. Can you imagine the dire condition of such a country? But you do not need to imagine for too long, because this was the reality of Singapore in 1965.

But a stark turnaround was seen over the next 25 years it left the world shell-shocked. Singapore became a highly developed, high-income country, and is considered to be among the Top 5 Richest Countries in the World today. One of the Cleanest countries in the world. With next to no corruption or other crimes.

Perhaps the No. 1 Asian country in the truest sense. But how was this possible? Who is the hero of our story? In this video, let's dive deep into the magical story of Singapore. "The hostility between Singapore's ethnic Chinese and Malays, finally erupted into violent clashes." "And as long as I'm in charge, nobody's going to knock it down.

"From the lack of land in high density, but with some hefty government purchasing power, they did the impossible." "The Republic of Singapore was born!" Singapore is a tiny country, friends. So small, that it gets difficult to spot it on a map, look at the map of Southeast Asia, you can clearly see Indonesia, the Philippines is easy to spot, even Malaysia can be easily identified, but when you travel south, you will see the small island of Singapore.

The waterbody Strait of Johor separates Singapore and Malaysia. Singapore is half the size of Delhi, area-wise. But on this small island, approximately 5.7 million people reside. The total area is 710 km². So the population density of Singapore is 8028 people per square kilometre. We consider India to be an overpopulated country, But for comparison, India's population density is 446 people per square kilometre.

Singapore is 18 times more densely populated than India. Overall, it is the 3rd most densely populated country. Lagging behind Monaco and Macao. Interestingly, the origin of the name Singapore, is from the Sanskrit word Singh Pura. Singh means lion, and Pur is city. So Singapore means "The Lion City".

Oh, it reminds me, Singapore is one of the four Asian tigers. The four highly developed countries in Asia. South Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Singapore. Interestingly, the population density of these four countries is higher than India's. This might seem like a shocking fact to some, because many people blame India's population for the lack of development.

But the GDP Per Capita and population density of the 2 tigers, is much higher than India's. Talking about the people living here, Singapore is a diverse country. People belonging to various religions live harmoniously. There are people from the 5 major religions here. And there's a small population of people from Jewish, Zorastrian, Jain, and Sikh communities.

The second largest group is the people who do not believe in religion, the Atheists. But apart from religion, Singapore is very diverse in terms of ethnicity too. The largest majority is of Chinese ethnic people at 74.5%. Followed by Malays at 13.5%. And Indians at 9%. Among the Indians, the largest populations are Tamils, Bengalis, and Punjabis.

And the remaining 3% are made up of Eurasians and Arabs. While talking about the people, we should not forget about Orang Laut. They are the original inhabitants living in Singapore for a very long time. The tribals. Overall, 'Unity in Diversity' is Singapore's present-day reality. But it wasn't the case always.

Going back into history, in early history, for a long time, the island of Singapore was used as a trading island, by the Malay, Thai, Indian, Arab, Japanese and Chinese traders. Throughout the history, it was occupied by an Indonesian ruler, the Portuguese, the Dutch through their Dutch East India Company, and in 1819, an ambitious officer of the British East India Company, Thomas Raffles bought Singapore, from the Sultan of Johor.

The British entered this island having bought it. Thomas Raffles turned Singapore into a Free Port. Any ship passing through would not have to pay any fees. This gave rise to free trading in Singapore. In 1869, the Suez Canal became operational so that the ships did not need to go around Africa, this led to even more ships coming to Singapore.

Most ships used Singapore as a refuelling station. In the nearby country, Malaysia, two industries were very popular. Tin production and Rubber production. Since Singapore was close by, Singapore became a rubber-processing hub as well. This might sound like signs of development in Singapore. But there was a dark side to it as well.

In reality, the Britishers were growing opium in Bengal. And they processed the opium in Singapore. The Britishers had employed Chinese porters for this job, where they could find one of the lowest-grade opium. The Chinese people working in these factories, were far from their homes, with no source of entertainment, so they turned into opium addicts.

Thousands of opium addicts were living in Singapore. Crimes increased due to drug addiction. People turned to theft. In 1941 it was estimated that there were about 16,500 opium addicts in Singapore. And the 1940s was the period of World War II. "German bombers attack British cities like Coventry, And London.

 " 15th February 1942, the Japanese invaded into Singapore and Malaysia. Singapore surrenders to the Japanese. Over the next 3.5 years, the Japanese ruled over Singapore. And the Japanese Rule completely destroyed Singapore. chilling murders took place. Not only on the field but in hospitals also. Several soldiers were tortured as Prisoners of War.

Thousands of people were used as forced labour. Women were being used as a commodity. Thousands of women were brought in from Korea, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, to the 'Comfort Stations' in Singapore, where they were available to the Japanese soldiers. By the time the Japanese lost the War in 1945, and withdrew from Singapore, there were more than 30,000 opium addicts widespread gambling and prostitution in the country, buildings were heavily destroyed.

There was large-scale poverty, high unemployment, and the place was crawling with diseases. There were food shortages, and people were starving to death. There was no end to crime and violence, And Singapore had turned into a slum colony. After the end of World War II, The British reclaim Singapore's control, and a British Military Administration, tried to get things under some control.

The basic services of gas, water, and electricity, were restored. Canteens started to deal with the food crisis. The opinions of the Singaporeans about the British, was quite favourable and positive as compared to countries like India. One of the biggest reasons for this was the British defeated the Japanese, and the Japanese were more atrocious towards Singaporeans.

 The second biggest reason was that the government changed in the UK in July 1945. Conservative Party was no longer in power. And the Labour Party came into power. They were against imperialism to some extent. So the British Rule over Singapore slowly receded. And turned into Self Governance. I won't go into what happened in much detail, because this would make this video even longer.

But in 1948, the first elections were held. The elections were held for only some seats. Singapore's Constitution was framed, it was revised twice in 1955 and 1958, And you can say that in 1959, the proper full-scale elections were conducted. These elections were won by the young leader Lee Kuan Yew. The Secretary General of People's Action Party.

PAP Remember this, you will hear more about this in this video. He became the First Prime Minister of Singapore. Initially Lee Kuan Yew believed that Singapore will not be able to survive as an independent country. And that they should become a part of Malaysia. He did this in 1963. He merged Singapore with Malaysia.

But now comes a shocking twist in your story. The Malaysian government was not thrilled to have Singapore be a part of their country. The biggest reason for this was the 1964 Malaysian elections PAP decided to contest that election. The Malaysian politicians did not like this, that a political party from Singapore was contesting in the National Elections in Malaysia.

On the other hand, the people living in Singapore were not happy with this merger. Because of the agreement that 40% of Singapore's revenue was to be paid to Malaysia's Central Government, even though Singapore's population was 17% of the combined population. Singaporeans felt that it was unfair.

Additionally, as per Article 153 of the Malaysian Constitution, Malays were given special rights and privileges, The Chinese and other non-Malay ethnicities in Singapore did not like this discrimination. They saw how Malaysia was turning into Malay Malaysia. That it belonged to only the Malay people. While minorities weren't given the same rights and equality.

"They want a Malay Malaysia. Where the Malays are on top, In charge of everything. We wanted, gradually, not immediately, a Malaysian Malaysia, where as citizens, we share the burdens and the rewards." Due to these differences, in 1964, communal tensions increased, and racial riots were also seen.

(09:55) "...things at each other. So I wedged my soldiers in between them, and we fired a few tear gases." Due to these riots, in 1965 it was decided that Singapore will once again be separated from Malaysia. And be an independent country The Republic of Singapore. By this point in time, there was some remnant of British control over Singapore.

In 1967 the British announced that they would withdraw their troops from Singapore, and would leave the country altogether. This might sound like good news to you. But for Singapore's government and Singaporeans, this was problematic. The British contribution was significant in running Singapore as an independent nation.

British forces provided a large number of jobs to the Singaporeans. On top of it, Singapore did not even have its own army. No defence forces. If the British left, they would have been defenceless. This is why Lee Kuan Yew requested the British to postpone their departure. To give them proper time to transition.

And the British agreed. The deadline for the British to leave the country was set in 1971. Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew had 4 years to get a hold of his country. A country struggling with poverty, unemployment and drug addiction. In addition to the riots and the separation of Malaysia and Singapore. They did not have any natural resources.

How could this country be taken to the path of development? Friends, this is the beginning of our miraculous story. A story with Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew as the hero. He got to work at once. First, to make peace with the neighbouring countries, and to solve geopolitical problems. In 1967, he founded the ASEAN group.

 In which foreign ministers from 5 countries, came together. With the purpose of collaborating with other countries, to cooperate across multiple fields, and to create peace and stability in the region. But this didn't mean that the country did not need an Army. Second, for the defence of the nation, Lee Kuan Yew, introduced National Service in the same year.

 When the boys in the country attained 16.5 years of age, the needed to register for National Service. And after attaining the age of 18, he may need to enlist at notice. Basically, it was made compulsory for every boy of 18 years of age, to join the Army, Defence Forces, or National Service. For a few years.

 If a country wants to be truly developed, education is among the very first things that needs to be focused on. Singapore did this. The country has compulsory Primary Education, high-quality public education, the government runs excellent schools and colleges. the infrastructure of the schools is impressive.

 And public education is available at nominal fees. It is almost free. Friends, education is actually quite basic but the main difference between developing and developed countries. Practical skills are essential to become a developed nation. Singapore focused on vocational training as well. But unfortunately, in our country, most people do not even have basic practical skills.

 We need to try our best, to learn these skills, Singapore will be a multi-racial nation. That they would be an example for the world. They are not a Malay State, They are not a Chinese State. They are not an Indian State. Their country is not built on religion. Their country is not built on a language. Neither is it built on culture.

they are a secular nation where every citizen is equal. "Malay population is at 43%.  Chinese 41%. Indians 10%. The others: Eurasians, Sinhalese, and so. And I say we gotta work with each other. No group can oppress the other. We work together. And you want Singapore to remain as the sane stable place.

" But it isn't enough to add the word 'secular' to the Constitution. This doesn't ensure equality in the country. People are sceptical. When people from different religions and ethnicity live in a country, with high communal tensions, people doubt each other. They do not want to socialise with others.

 To solve this problem, Lee Kuan Yew took a proactive approach to assimilation. He introduced an Ethnic Integration Policy. According to this policy, the government housing would have a fixed ratio for the people living there, based on ethnicity. For example, in a building, there have to be 22% Malays, 84% Chinese, 10% Indians, and the other minority groups.

 The percentage of ethnicity seen in the country should be reflected in each building. So that Chinese, Malay, and Indians, can live together in a building. Friends, this was an outstanding move. Because in reality, if people are left to their will, the communally brainwashed people will not want to live together.

they create their own ghettos. The self segregate into "Hindu areas" or "Muslim areas." There's demarcation within the city. To stop this self-segregation he ensured that different ethnicities lived in all buildings, so that they could interact with each other and be neighbours. And live together harmoniously.

In 1990, the Maintenance of Religious Harmony Act was passed, under this Act, Singapore created a Presidential Council for Religious Harmony. 2/3rds of its members were representatives of the major religions. These representatives were tasked with ensuring  that the people from various religions were interacting with each other.

(15:52) Additionally, Singapore introduced a Racial Harmony Day as well. Every year, on the 21st of July, school kids in Singapore dress up in the traditional costumes of other religions. That, a Hindu may dress up in a Muslim traditional costume, and a Muslim may dress up in a Hindu traditional costume. And together they read the Declaration of Religious Harmony.

Right from the school level, children are taught that the principles of secularism, diversity and unity, need to be upheld in the country, and the way to do so. These small steps are very effective, ones that our country can learn a lot from. The next point that Lee Kuan Yew put across to ensure that the country is developed is cleanliness.

In his opinion, cleanliness is the hallmark of civilisation. So he launched a campaign to keep Singapore clean. "On the 1st October 1968,  a nationwide Keep Singapore Clean Campaign  was launched by the Prime Minister." "We have wealth, we have progressed. but there is no hallmark of success, more distinctive and more meaningful, than achieving our position as the cleanest and the greenest city, in South Asia.

" And this campaign was in effect in every 2-3 years between 1958 to 1988. This wasn't a superficial event, where politicians stood in front of cameras and moved a few leaves, and printed ads promoting clean Singapore. Nope. This was a concrete campaign with multiple steps. Public waste collectors were licensed by the National Environment Agency.

Each public housing estate had blue recycling bins. A large number of public toilets were created. And special programs such as the Happy Toilet Program were run, so that the toilets could be kept clean and well-maintained. In 1992, chewing gum was banned in Singapore. No compromise in cleanliness. Apart from this, major laws were enacted, to levy heavy fines.

For spitting, littering, smoking, the first offence would be fined S$1,000 (Singaporean Dollar). Second offence S$2,000. And the third offence would attract a fine of S$5,000. The next problem was slums. Singapore had slums all over the place. What could they do about it? More than 26,000 families were relocated from slums, and high-rise buildings and public housing were developed.

Meanwhile, water supply, electricity, and gas supply, were provided in the free public housing. And things began to improve. As of 2021, about 80% of people in Singapore, live in public housing. Homes provided by the government. This is why there is next to no homelessness in the country. Last year, only 616 people were sleeping on the streets.

After this, they focused on urban planning. The people working at stalls on the side of the road, are an important part of the informal economy. But in addition to it, in terms of cleanliness and beautification, they detract from the beauty of the city. It was important to organise them. More than 4,900 hawkers were relocated to food centres.

 New wholesale markets were developed for vegetable sellers. For beautification, the pig farms and duck farms, were phased out from the catchment area. Rivers were cleaned. More than 2,800 industries were relocated. Now, it is very important to focus on healthcare as well. In Singapore, public as well as private health care is quite inexpensive.

Under the Ministry of Health, government hospitals have been equipped with thousands of beds. And they have the innovative Medi Safe, Medi Shield, and Medi Fund systems in the healthcare sector. In a country as small as Singapore with such a high density of people with so little place for people to live, building wide roads for vehicles wastes a lot of precious land.

 If every citizen owned a vehicle, it wouldn't leave space for residential areas. And the country would be covered in roads. So it was necessary to discourage people from buying cars. And to promote public transport. This is why, even today, Singapore is the most expensive city if you want to buy a car.

There's a heavy tax on buying a car. In the country, on a limited number of cars can be on the road. If anyone wants to add a new car, they can do so only by replacing an existing car. On the other hand, public transportation like the buses and the metro, Singapore has one of the least expensive public transport in the world.

 It is affordable for people, in addition to being one of the cleanest and safest. The things that I have talked about till now, you might think that the government is offering cheap things. Education, healthcare, public transportation, and housing. People are given these at a low cost to make these affordable.

 But where does the government get the money to do so? Does the government charge a high tax rate from the government? The way it is in several European countries where the tax rate crosses 50% even. Countries like Sweden, Finland, Denmark, and Austria. But no, the income tax rates in Singapore are quite low.

 Between 2% to 24%. So how can the government manage to bring in the funds? Friends, here we need to discuss the primary principles of Singapore's government. They focus a lot on sustainability and fiscal deficit. Let me explain with an example. Look at this company's website. Temasek Holdings. This looks like a large MNC.

 With more than 900 employees. 33 nationalities. Its Net Portfolio as of March 2022 was $403 billion. But who owns this company? The Singaporean government. This is a government company. Singapore's government owns many such companies working in the transport, power, or media sectors. Many such companies are Temasek subsidiaries.

Temasek invests in other national and international companies to derive profits. When we think about Indian government companies, they are so mismanaged that the government has to privatise them. "Government has no business to be in business." But by privatising, the profits of the company goes to private owners.

To billionaires. But if a government company is run well, if it's managed properly, the profits will go to the government. And eventually, the citizens will benefit from it. Apart from this, do you know which are the areas with high taxes? The tax on motor vehicles is very high. That's another source of revenue for the government.

 There's a wealth tax as well. There's even property tax and GST. But overall, Singapore's government is in a fiscal surplus for most years. It earns more than it spends. The rules of fiscal discipline are written down in their constitution as well. But if you look at this from the individual level, there are some people who are not very careful with their money.

 They engage in unnecessary spending, and do not save properly. This is why the government has instituted a Central Provident Fund. People deposit a part of their salary into this fund. This exists in India as well. In total, there are more than 4.2 million members of the Central Provident Fund as of September 2022.

 This is why Singapore has one of the highest savings rate in the world. In 2021, the Gross Domestic Savings was 57.5% of the GDP. This puts Singapore among the Top 3 countries in the world. Not only is the government managing their funds efficiently, but also the citizens. But going back in time, as I told you, Singapore doesn't have natural resources.

that can be exploited or sold to earn money. So this begs the question, how are people earning in a country like Singapore? At the time of independence, they had barren lands. Friends, in such cases, the economy needs to be kick-started. It can be done in 2 ways. 1st: by large-scale government spending. Creating large infrastructure projects, PSUs, 2nd: by opening up the economy, so that foreign companies could invest in the country.

Lee Kuan Yew did both. He invested government money in big infrastructure projects. Such as building world-class port. If you visit their airport today, you will be mesmerised. Singapore has one of the best airports in the world. They have built a mini city inside the airport itself. Building homes for the workers.

He created the Housing Development Board, Economic Development Board, These projects provided a large number of employment to the people, that became the backbone of the economy. Since the country did not have any natural resources, it meant that the location of the country was its only advantage. A small island can never be self-reliant.

(24:53) It meant that they needed to open up the economy, And the rest of the world will need to be given the opportunity to benefit from Singapore. As I've already told you, Singapore was a port for ships for a long time. For international trading. The Singaporean government continued with this. By building a robust airport, to be a hub for connecting flights, and to facilitate international trading.

To attract foreign investment, Singapore had to be a stable country where it's easy to carry on a business. So they reduced tax rates, ended red-tapism, and useless paperwork, developed a single trade window, fired the lazy and corrupt workers from government agencies, invited international businesses, and eased up the processes.

As a result, today, in terms of ease of doing business, Singapore is ranked No. 2 in the world, following New Zealand. To do this, a major precondition was to eliminate corruption in the country. Corruption would only hinder businesses. Today, out of 180 countries, Singapore is the 4th least corrupt country in the world.

 It is the only Asian country to rank in the Top 10 in the last 10 years.  What was Lee Kuan Yew's trick to end corruption? First, he raised the salaries of government employees. As well as the salaries of politicians and ministers. They are paid such high salaries that you won't believe it. The current Prime Minister of Singapore, is the son of Lee Kuan Yew.

 He is the highest-paid Prime Minister in the world. He is paid a salary of $1.61 million. Much more than US President Joe Biden, or the Russian dictator Vladimir Putin. it is the same for government employees. They are paid good salaries. The logic for this is if you pay good salaries to government employees and ministers, they cannot be encouraged to engage in corruption.

Since they already receive a good income. On top of it, the salaries have a performance-related component as well. For the ministers and government employees. Their good performance is rewarded by this. Third, if a minister is so greedy as to engage in corruption despite the high salary, they will be given heavy punishment.

 Fine up to $100,000 and imprisonment up to 5 years. In 1960, PAP introduced the Prevention of Corruption Act. "The Prevention of Corruption Act was passed today." "While directed mainly at corruption in the public services." Their Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau, was given more powers.

It was made independent. Basically, it is an agency that investigates corruption. It is given Operational Autonomy. Even though it works under the Prime Minister's office, the Prime Minister cannot interfere in its work. No political leader can interfere in it, this allows this agency to remain independent.

This autonomy is very important since if any politician engages in corruption, this agency can take action against it as well. In terms of the environment, in 1972, the Singaporean government launched an initiative of Tree Planting Day. A specific day on which all residents come together to plant trees. This initiative was so successful that within 10 years, the number of trees planted was the same as the number of people living in Singapore.

Within 10 years, they had cleaned their river. And today, the best indoor gardens are found in Singapore. Look at the beautiful greenery all around the city. Singapore's greenery has become a tourist attraction now. Talking about specific sectors, Singapore started with textile and petrochemical refineries.

But Lee Kuan Yew did not want his country to become a low-cost factory for the rest of the world. He ensured that the Singaporeans learned skills in technical schools and internships. Law mandated that the employers in the country had to pay a monthly Skill Development Levy for the employees working for them.

This is sent to the Skills Development Fund. To support the workforce upgrading programs. With the help of Skill Development, by the 1990s, Singapore had become a part of the global supply chains for sophisticated technologies. Such as biotech engineering, aerospace, integrated circuits, pharmaceuticals, petroleum chemicals, and semiconductors.

They provided good quality education to their citizens, and taught them useful skills, to enable them to work in industries that did not require natural resources. Friends, after doing so much, do you know what's amazing? Lee Kuan Yew knew that under all circumstances he couldn't allow a personality cult to develop around him.

He was focused on his work to develop the country. Rather than developing his image. Today, if you visit Singapore, you will not find busts or statues of Lee Kuan Yew. No monuments to honour him. No temples to worship him. He took a country from rags to riches. Even so, no monuments were built for him. Why? Singapore's current Prime Minister gave a statement regarding this in April 2015, About a month after Lee Kuan Yew's death.

He developed Singapore so miraculously, that he could have depicted himself as a superhero. He could have turned people into his followers, going as far as saying that he was an avatar of God, for taking the country from rags to riches, but he did none of these. Lee Kuan Yew was an educated person, he was pragmatic, didn't feel very strongly about any ideology.

It's said that his ears were always listening. He paid attention to all suggestions. These qualities are rarely found in politicians. "To govern Singapore, one must have that iron in him. I have spent a whole lifetime building this. As long as I'm in charge, nobody's going to knock it down.

Today, many people categorise Lee Kuan Yew as a benevolent dictator, because to some extent, he was against free speech. Singapore improved in many factors. but in terms of the Press Freedom Index, it doesn't rank as well. Things have been improving over the last few years. But during Lee Kuan Yew's governance, press freedom was nearly non-existent.

Many people learn the wrong lesson from this story. Since he was a benevolent dictator, people imagine that they too need a dictator for their country one that could put a stop to freedom and enforce their will. But in most cases, free media is very important, to hold the people in power accountable. To keep them in check.

Singapore is an exceptional case because Lee Kuan Yew knew how to hold himself accountable. He listened to others. The lesson that we need to learn from this story are the exact policies implemented by him. To take the country to the level of development it has reached. What do you think? Comment below. If you liked this video, you can watch more such case studies by clicking on this playlist here.

Thank you very much!

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Union Budget 2024-25 | Nirmala Sitharaman

 

The most awaited budget is here and why it was most awaited because this is the first time after elections We are presenting a budget in front of you Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman has presented for the seventh time budget in the Indian parliament and this budget will tell you the outlook that what NDA government is going to do for the next one year Hello and welcome to the In new series of Drishti IS I am Ritu and today session is about Union Budget 2024 and 5 and what are the highlights of this budget and this session is important for your GS th perspective so

Moving towards the points of discussion  The themes then priority of the budget and also what are the highlights and what are the grey areas of the budget and after that we are going to discuss practice questions for prelims so like intended this time also the union budget 2024 and five had focused on the Four categories The first category is the youth The second is women The third is poor and the fourth is annadaata which is farmer So these are the four categories Annadaata farmers poor poor youth youth and women Women So these are the four categories

which government has focused on this budget also now we will come to the themes part that what are the themes of this budget so in her budget speech finance minister nirmala sitharaman has said that i am happy to announce the prime minister's package for five schemes and this The initiative will facilitate the Employment and skills among the youth for the 4.

1 crore youth over the period of five years and this will also benefit the 2 lakh crore it means that the government will spend 2 lakh crore on the youth and this will benefit in terms of generation of employment and the skills among them and they are also going to made a provision which is that they will spend 1.48 lakh crore for education and employment and skilling of the youth so we will talk about that what are the main themes of this Budget so this is the employment skilling MSME and middle class so these are the most important themes for this union budget 2024 and now we will come to the budget priority that what

is the priority of budget this time so we have Productivity and Regis Inn Agriculture Employment and Skilling Inclusive Human Resource Development and Social Justice Manufacturing and Services Sustainability Urban Development Energy Securities and Infrastructure So these are the priorities We are going to discuss each priority So first we will take the productivity and growth in agriculture So what this tells about That so there will be the transformation of agricultural research and which will comprehensively review the agriculture and research setup which will

Focus on raising the productivity and developing climate resilient varieties which is very much important then there should be a self-reliance because In this situation we have seen that self-reliance which is self-dependent was so much focused by the Indian government and for all seeds such as the mustards, groundnuts, sesame, soybean and sunflower because these are the areas which are lacking Self-reliance So that 109 new high end climate ridge varieties of 32 field horticulture crops will be released for cultivation by farmers and there will also be focus on vegetable production and

 

Supply chain national cooperation will be implemented and what is this Cooperation Policy About So this policy talks about the system and all-round development of the cooperative sectors and India is a land of the cooperative societies then there will be the focus on the natural farming and around 1 crore farmers across the country will be initiated into the natural Farming and there will be the certification and branding for the next two years 10000 need based bio input resources centers will be established and there will be the promotion of shrimp production and exports through

NABARD and financing can be happen through NABARD after That there will be the promotion of digital public infrastructure especially in agriculture area and it will cover the farmers and their lands in three years, digital crop survey in the districts and insurance of Jan Samarth based Kisan Credit Card, so these are the first priority which is productivity And regions in agriculture so these are the areas and those are the initiative which will be taken by the government and they will invest so that will be more productive and will be more result in terms of

agriculture then we have the second Priority second priority is about employment and skilling so as you already know that this election also there was a lot of news of unemployment unskilled level so this time the government has focused on the employment and skilling so what will happen under this one month way to New entrants in all formal sectors in Three installments up to 15000 and expected to benefit 210 lakh units so there will be the 15000 will be given by the government Informal sectors in three installments so this is a new initiative

Then the government will reimburse EPFO ​​contribution to the employee up to 3000 per month for two years for all new hires and these are expected to generate around 50 lakh jobs and there will also be link to the first time employees incentives to both employee and employer for EPFO ​​contribution expected to benefit 30 lakh units so these are the terms for the employment here we will have a skilling program so around 20 lakh youth will be skilled over a five year period of time 1000 industrial training institutes will be upgraded in hub and spoke

Arrangements and course content design align as per the skills needs of the industry so 1000 industrial training will be established then what it will facilitate so there will be the higher participation of the workers especially the women workforce by setting up the working women hostels in collaboration with the industry and establishing crutches so there is a particular focus given to the women workforce by providing them hostels by providing crutches so that they can work effectively then loans up to ₹ 7.

5 lakh with a guarantee from the promoted fund and expected to help 25000 students every year and then there will also be financial support for loans up to 10 lakh for higher education direct e vouchers to 1 lakh students every year annual interest subvention of 3 per cent so what all this graph tells about so all this graph tells about that this time the government has an vision that they will employ the youth and they will also make them skilled so then they can get employment easily and if there is a problem of what you can say unskilled labour in our country so by this means they are going to eradicate such kind of

The problems now we will come to another one which is about in such a way human resource development and social justice so first of all we will discuss about the purvodaya and what is this purvodaya about so this will be centered around the eastern parts of the country vikas bhi viraas bhi and there are plans to endor rich states in eastern parts covering the bihar jharkhand west bengal orissa andhra pradesh for generation of economic opportunity to atan developed bharat and as we had already discussed in interio that india has plan to achieve and to become developed bharat by

20147 so this is a plan of this vikas bhi and viraas bhi and there is also amritsar kolkata industrial corridor with the development of industrial node at gaya so special emphasis has been given to the Bihar in eastern region because Bihar needs a special support because of backward areas because of lack of infrastructure because of lack of various schemes in the Bihar then there is an allocation of more than Rs 3 lakh crore for schemes benefiting women and girls so here there is a special provision for women and girls and also Pradhan Mantri Janjati Unnat Gram Abhiyaan so as the name

Suggest this is related to the tribal communities of this country so this will improve socio economic condition of tribal communities of this country which will cover 63000 villages benefiting 5 crore tribal people so this is for the social justice here women are also covered the tribal people are also covered the areas which lack what you can say upfront development so those areas are also covered specially the eastern parts of the country now we have Another program which is about more than 100 branches of India Post Payment Bank will be set up in North Eastern region as you

Already know that this region also needs a special attention and there so much ethnic clashes so much of lack of infrastructure development in this region so these kind of schemes will benefit the development of the North Eastern region and then there will be the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act and under this act there will be financial support given to the Andhra Pradesh 15000 crore will be arranged in financial year 24 and 25 and then completion of Polavaram irrigation project insurance of the nation essential infrastructure such as water power railways and roads in co-operation node on

The Visakhapatnam Chennai Industrial Corridor and Ravva Kal node on Hyderabad Bengaluru Industrial Corridor so we have seen that there will be The financial support given to the state of Andhra Pradesh and there will be the establishment and development of industrial corridors in the Andhra Pradesh sled area now we will have fourth which is manufacturing and services so manufacturing service what will happen under this credit guarantee scheme for MSMEs in manufacturing sector there is scope of mandatory on boarding trades MSMEs units for food irradiation and quality

Safety testing and new assessment model of MSME credit Mudra loans the limit has to 20 lakhs under the current 10 lakhs under the Tarun category so Tarun there are different categories under the Mudra loans so Tarun category which consist more than 5 lakhs so under Tarun category there will be the enhance to what you can get up to 20 lakhs credit suppose to MSMEs during stress period so we have Already discussed in economic survey that MSME needs a credit support There is a huge credit gap in MSME and that is fed and then there is another kind of development 12 industrial parks under the

National Industrial Corridor Development Programme Rental Housing with Dormitory Type of Accommodation You often have seen that so many industrial workers are living in a tent living in a bamboo roof and under a roof also so they sleep like this so this time the government has decided that dormitory setup will be provided to them and with the support of public private partnership and critical mineral mission domestic product recycling and overseas acquisition and also there will be a special opportunity for the interns of this country so schemes for providing internship opportunity in

500 top companies to 1 crore youth for five years and there will be the allowance of 5000 per month and in order to that 6000 assistancia responsibility so there will be the 5000 per month and another 6000 will be given to them under the CSR Now we will come to the other one which is about urban development so urban development is also needed and under this we are going to study about the encouraging states to lower stem duties to properties purchased by women here also special focus has been given to the women and then envisioning a scheme to develop 100 weekly heart

Street food hubs to select cities so we have seen that there is a special emphasis for the ua there is special emphasis for the women and also transit oriented development plans for 14 large cities and with the population of f 30 lakh so there will be other development and water management because water crisis is especially in cities so there will be special focus for the water management and there will be the promotion of the water supply sewage treatment and solid waste management projects then we have this PM Awas Yojana Urban 2.

 

0 And under this there will be the fulfillment of needs of 1 crore urban poor and middle class families with the investment of Rs 10 lakh crore by the government and also there will be the enablement of the enabling of the facility like transports from cities to different parts of the world from residence place to other your work place so there will be the more focus on the enabling policies and regulation for efficient transparent rental housing market so there will also be a facility for the rental housing market because so many people migrate to the cities and they need rent so

 

There will also be emphasis on the rental housing market then we come to the other one which is about the energy security so energy security what government has decided to do under this initiative with private sector in nuclear energy setting up Bharat Small Reactors R ND for India Small modular reactors then there will be the energy audit Financial support for shifting of micro and small industries to cleaner forms of energy because we had discussions about that MSME needs a credit growth and because of that lack of finance lack of money give off on tend

To go very polluted methods because they lack different kind of support so if the government will provide them credit support and financial support then they will also shift to the more cleaner energy forms and facilitate investment grade energy audit in 60 clusters next phase expand to 100 clusters pumped storage facility for electricity storage and facilitation of smooth integration of growing share of renewable energy and then thermal power plant so what all this energy shows is that they are focusing on the solar they are focusing on wind energy then they are focusing on thermal

Power Plants Nuclear Energy So many forms of energy are highlighted by the government this time and there will be the special focus on PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana under this what will happen that 1 crore households get free electricity up to 300 units every month so this is about PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana now we will come to the other one which is about the infrastructure so under this there is a provision of 11000 crore for infrastructure which is 3.

4 of the GDP Total GDP ₹ 1.5 lakh crore to states as long term interest free loans to support the resource allocation and there will also be a connectivity weather connectivity to 25000 rural habitations irrigation and flood mitigation they are a special because there are areas there are fields which lack irrigation facility and flood is a constant phenomenon specially In the states like Kerala Assam Bihar so there this time the government has also decided that there should be a flood management so financial support for projects with the estimated cost of Rs 11500 crores such as

Koshi Mechi interstate link and 20 on going new schemes assistance for flood management and related projects in Assam Sikkim and Uttarakhand assistance for reconstruction and rehabilitation in Himachal Pradesh because these are the hilly areas and they lack infrastructure development and there is a so much problem of flood in these area so the government has decided that they will have a special focus on to these areas now we have another one which is about the tourism so India's strength is tourism because it is very historical cultural vibrant country so development of Vishnu

Pat Temple Corridor and Mahabodhi Temple Corridor Model into the Kashi Vishwanath Temple Corridor so recently we have seen that there was Kashi establishment and development of Kashi Vishwanath Temple Corridor and on this model there will be the development of Vishnu Pat Temple Corridor in Gaya and Mahabodhi Temple Corridor and there will be the comprehensive development initiative for Rajgir which is in Bihar because Rajgir is a very ancient city and it is also one of the city which was the capital of the Magadh Han empire so that and also we have recently seen that the Nalanda University was a new

Nalanda University was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi so there will be the special focus on the new Nalanda University and development of Nalanda as a whole and there will also be assistant provided to development of Orissa for this scenic Beauty and Temples Monuments Craftsmanship Wild Life Sanctuaries So what this tourism sector tells about that there are areas specially the Bihar tourism needs to develop and the government has focused on Bihar and Orissa tourism so now we will come to the other one which is about innovation research and development so under this

There will be operationalization of research National Research for Basic Research and Prototype Development Private Sector Driven Research and Innovation at Commercial Scale with Financing Pool of Rs 1 Lakh Crore There will be special focus for the space economy A Venture Capital Fund of Rs 1000 Crore is to be set up so this also tells that the government is also working in the scientific development research development and they are establishing various research sectors they are spending money but it needs to be work more a now we have another one which is about the rural and urban land Related Action So

This is about the next generation reform which is the ninth one unique land parcel identification number of Bhu Aadhaar for all surveys of map subdivisions as per current ownership linkages to the farmers registers land records in urban areas will be digitized with GI mapping digitization of cadastre blishment of land registry so we have lot of issues with the distribution of land in our country so many lands are still disputed so its high time that there should be digitization of land records and so that there should be transparent system for the land allocation

In our country so when we talk about the land distribution land purchasing and allocation of land it needs to be digitized so thatchi of the budget a 2024 and 5 now we will come to the rob economic foundation so here first of all we will See the improvement in current account deficit so we have seen that there is an improvement in current account deficit than India grew at 8.

2% in financial year 2024 so this is the real GDP and this is the real GDP growth so here we have seen that India growth was in 2022 was fast but still it is lower but still it is going ahead so it is at 8.2% in financial year 2024 so this is about that and now we will come to the expansionary PMI index so this is a purchase managers index and in this two sectors are only followed the first sector is services and the sector is manufacturing and this is not by government index this is by the investors this is by the business person

Who invest in such kind of business so they are saying that these are Expansionary in nature both services are and manufacturing but if we discuss about both the services are expanding more and rapidly then we will have decline in gross NPS of SCB so scheduled commercial bank so there is a decline in non performing assets which is a very positive side for the economy then we have decrease in fiscal deficit of percentage of GDP then what we have seen that what is the fiscal deficit so fiscal deficit that when your expenditure exceeds the income so here we have improved

In fiscal deficit also and right now it is 5.6 per in of financial year 2024 then there is a tame inflation so early there was so much inflation you can see in 2022 it was 6.7 per but right Now it is 5.4 so what is the tame inflation suggest so stemming inflation suggest that there are chances and the inflation rate is improving day by day and there are chances to improve the economy by robust economic policy by robust policies so in this way we can control the inflationary things than sector specific custom duty proposal so custom duty is that a kind of duty which a is

Revised on the products which are transportable in nature and which can be transported to other parts of the country it means that there is a revise of taxes of imports and exports so in this fully exam three more cancer medicines for custom duties reduce BC SD to 15 per on mobile phones mobile PCB and chargers reduce custom duty on gold and silver to 6 per and platinum to 6.

Reduce 4 BCD and shrimp and fish feed by 5 per and fully agent custom duties on 25 critical minerals so we have seen that government has focused on critical minerals pharmaceuticals area gold and silver and specially the shrimp thing now we will come to the other one which is about the direct tax proposal so short term gains of financial assets to attract tax rates on 20 and financial and non financial assets of 12.

5 if we will talk about that government has abolished the angel tax for all classes of investor so government wants that there should be the promotion of angel investor in our country simpler tax regime operate domestic cruise provide for safe harbour rates for foreign mining companies and there is a decree in corporate tax rate on foreign companies which has been reduced by 5 per so early it was 40 per and right now it is just 35 per so what is corporate tax rate so it is a tax rate that if there is a corporate company and if there is a profit of corporate company so the government imposes

tax on them so that tax has been reduced this time so early right now it is 35 per now we will come to the other one which is about the simplifying new tax regime mas so early it was up to 7 lakhs but right now it is that your salary will be taxable from 3 lakhs onwards so for 0 to 3 lakhs it is null and for 3 to 7 lakhs it is 5 per 7 to 10 lakhs 10 per then 10 to 12 lakhs 15 per then 12 to 15 lakhs 20 per and 15 lakhs and 30 per but here is a twist that standard deduction for salaried employee has increased from 000 to ₹ 75000 and for pension ₹ 15000 to 25000 so there is an increase

of 25000 here and there is an increase of 10000 here and what is this standard deduction so by using standard deduction what ever the taxable amounts you have you can use this standard deduction for the tax thing and For to improve your tax structure and for also not to invite tax but to give less tax to the government then we will come to the extent that rupee is coming to the Indian economy so if we will talk about which has a more contribution then 27 par has been which is the highest contribution by the borrower and other liabilities than we have this income

Tax which is 19 par and in the comment section you have to tell me that income tax is direct tax and indirect tax then we have union excise duties 5 par GST and other taxes 18 par corporation tax 17 par so if we will talk about the huge contribution than we have borrower and other liabilities which is 27 par then we have income tax then we have corporation tax and then GST if we will talk About the lowest contribution than non-deposit a capital receipts than customs non-tax receipts 9 per and then we also have union excise duty so these are the least

Contributors and these are the highest contributors now we will come to that where rupees goes so most rupees if we will talk about that most of the rupees where it goes so it goes to state share of taxes and duties which is 21 per after that we have interest payment which is 19 per then we have central sector scheme excluding capital outlay defence and subsidy which is 16 per we will talk about the less so less goes to the pensions and other expenditure 9 per centrally sponsored scheme just 8 per and then there is a difference between central sector scheme and centrally sponsored scheme so in the

Com section you have to also tell me that what is the difference between central sector scheme and centrally sponsored scheme and then also less on defence which is 8 per cent and subsidies just 6 per cent now we will come to the expenditure of major items that on which areas government is spending a lot so if we will talk about the defence so there is what you can say a 45 lakh crore in defence then we have rural development 26 lakh crore into this then we have a this agriculture and allied activities 15000 so if we will talk about the least so least we have on the commerce and industry and

highest we have on the defence and and education also we have reasonable amount of money which has been spent now we will come to the other one which is about the allocation of major schemes in Rs crore so if We will talk about the budget estimates of the last year and now so we will see the significant change in this so if we will talk about the MG NREGA so it was 60000 crores and this time 86000 crores so there was an increase and also if we will talk about nuclear power project 442 and there was a so much increase in nuclear power project which is

2228 crores so there was a so much of a jump into this project then if we will talk about the research and development project so it was 840 crores early and now it is 1200 crores so this is also significant development PLI for pharmaceutical industry 1200 and 2143 so this has also seen a significant change so if we will talk about the most then most we have Seen the nuclear power projects in expenditure now we have development of semiconductors and display manufacturing there was a more than double jump into this thing so from 3000 it has

Bought 6903 Direct Benefit Transfers LPG so 180 to 1500 crores so there was also what you can say so much of a jump into LPG then we have what you can say Solar Power 4970 to 10000 so it is also more than double because government is focusing a lot on renewable resources and natural resources lines of credit under ITI scheme 1300 to 3849 so government has significantly increased the expenditure and money into the development of this area but most significant we have seen to what you can say nuclear energy Semiconductors and PG now we will come to another one another one

is about revenue receipts so capital receipts and revenue receipt so revenue receipts is obtained from the daily things by selling goods and services and capital receipts has been given by creating liabilities creating assets and by selling assets so this is the difference between revenue receipts and capital receipts so what we have seen that it has increased 13.

13 and this capital receipt had decreases which is 16.9 crores and what we have here we have seen a revenue expenditure so revenue expenditure has increased by 37.1 from 35.4 and effective capital expenditure so it has also increased by 15 so this is about the budget this time and I hope you got the highlights of the budget and you got the major idea of ​​the budget that government is Focusing on which sector so in all slide we have discussed that government has focused a lot on the skills development among the youth government has special focus on the men development they had focused on women education women

Entrepreneurs started spending a lot on LPG scheme nuclear energy because there was a constant thing related to the pollution then government has also started spending on what you can say a different kind of sectors which are related to digital infrastructure and it is trying to make agriculture digitally viable and because there was a constant gap in digital infrastructure specially in agriculture and we have seen that inflation is also improving and we have the steaming inflation so what this budget suggest about so this budget suggest about that

The The country is growing on a right path and till now it has given a positive outlook and it has increased expenditure to many areas especially to the marginalized section of the society those who are the needy once so now we will come to the question part the question is in the recent budget what is the primary focus with respect to employment and skilling increasing foreign investments enhancing agriculture subsidies facilitating employment and skilling opportunity for 4.

 

1 crore youth reducing defence spending so you have to answer this in the comment section this is very easy one i hope you like this budget session if you have any queries let this budget session kindly ask in the comment section and do review this budget session by watching this video again and again because this thing is very much important For your prelims examination For your mains examination many of you are appearing for mains and so they will give that how the budget has outlook about women about the youth about the skills about different kind of defence thing so they can ask any area they can ask about the pollution so you have to be

Aware about that what budget tells about so thank you and have a nice day for more information to get the notifications

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